The functional model contains six so-called functional entities: ingest, archival storage, data management, administration, access, and preservation planning. Although each of these can be implemented in different ways, together they comprise the key tasks of data archives, i.e. the main elements of long-term data preservation.

Ingest phase

During the ingest phase digital objects are provided by producers. They are prepared for archiving according to the archives’ standards, beginning with a quality control and the collection or creation of metadata.

Archival storage

Archival storage means the provision of adequate storage for the preserved data, including error checking and format migration.

Data management

In addition to administering the archive database, data management provides functions for accessing and maintaining descriptive metadata.

Administration

Services for the overall operation of the archive as well as the communication with producers, consumers, and the management are provided by the administration.

Access

Access offers services for the provision of data requested by consumers.

Preservation planning

The monitoring of the OAIS environment and preparation of risk analyses are parts of the preservation planning.